1. Preparation before startup. Every time before starting up, check whether the cooling water or antifreeze in the diesel engine water tank meets the requirements, and fill it up if it is missing. Pull out the oil dipstick to check whether there is a lack of lubricating oil. If there is a lack of lubricating oil, add it to the specified "static full" scale mark, and then carefully check whether the relevant components have hidden trouble. If any fault is found, it can be started up only after it is eliminated in time.

2、嚴(yán)禁帶負(fù)荷啟動柴油機(jī)。柴油機(jī)在啟動前要注意發(fā)電機(jī)的輸出空氣開關(guān)必須處在關(guān)閉狀態(tài)。普通型發(fā)電機(jī)組柴油機(jī)啟動后要經(jīng)過3-5分鐘的怠速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)（700轉(zhuǎn)/分鐘左右）冬天氣溫偏低，怠速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間要適當(dāng)延長幾分鐘。柴油機(jī)啟動后首先要觀察機(jī)油壓力是否正常和有無漏油、漏水等不正?，F(xiàn)象，（正常情況下機(jī)油壓力必須在0.2MPa以上）如發(fā)現(xiàn)異常要立即停機(jī)檢修。如無異?，F(xiàn)象將柴油機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速提升到額定轉(zhuǎn)速1500轉(zhuǎn)/分鐘，此時(shí)發(fā)電機(jī)顯示頻率50HZ，電壓400V，則可以合上輸出空氣開關(guān)投入使用。發(fā)電機(jī)組不允許長時(shí)間空載運(yùn)行。（因?yàn)殚L時(shí)間空載運(yùn)行會使柴油機(jī)噴油嘴噴出的柴油不能完全燃燒導(dǎo)致積碳，造成氣門、活塞環(huán)漏氣。）如果是自動化發(fā)電機(jī)組，則不需要怠速運(yùn)行，因?yàn)樽詣踊瘷C(jī)組一般都配備水加熱器，使柴油機(jī)缸體始終保持在45Co左右，柴油機(jī)啟動后可在8-15秒內(nèi)正常送電。

2. It is forbidden to start the diesel engine with load. Before starting the diesel engine, pay attention to that the output air switch of the generator must be closed. After starting the diesel engine of ordinary generator set, it needs to go through 3-5 minutes of idle operation (about 700 RPM). The temperature is low in winter, and the idle operation time should be appropriately extended for several minutes. After starting the diesel engine, first observe whether the oil pressure is normal and whether there are abnormal phenomena such as oil leakage and water leakage, (under normal conditions, the oil pressure must be above 0.2MPa). In case of any abnormality, shut down immediately for maintenance. If there is no abnormality, increase the diesel engine speed to the rated speed of 1500 rpm. At this time, the generator shows a frequency of 50Hz and a voltage of 400V, then close the output air switch and put it into use. The generator set is not allowed to operate without load for a long time. (because long-term no-load operation will make the diesel injected from the diesel engine fuel injection nozzle unable to burn completely, resulting in carbon deposition and air leakage of the valve and piston ring.) if it is an automatic generator set, it is not necessary to run at idle speed, because the automatic generator set is generally equipped with water heater to keep the diesel engine cylinder at about 45co, and the diesel engine can be powered normally within 8-15 seconds after starting.

3、注意觀察運(yùn)行中的工作狀態(tài)。發(fā)電機(jī)組在工作中，要有專人值班，經(jīng)常注意觀察可能出現(xiàn)的一系列故障，尤其要注意機(jī)油壓力、水溫、油溫、電壓、頻率等重要因素的變化。另外還要注意備有足夠的柴油，在運(yùn)行中如燃油中斷，客觀上造成帶負(fù)荷停車，有可能會導(dǎo)致發(fā)電機(jī)勵(lì)磁控制系統(tǒng)及相關(guān)元器件的損壞。

3. Pay attention to the working state during operation. During the operation of the generator set, a specially assigned person shall be on duty and often pay attention to observing a series of possible faults, especially the changes of important factors such as oil pressure, water temperature, oil temperature, voltage and frequency. In addition, it should be noted that sufficient diesel oil is available. If the fuel oil is interrupted during operation, it will objectively cause on-load shutdown, which may cause damage to the generator excitation control system and related components.

4、嚴(yán)禁帶負(fù)荷停機(jī)。每次停機(jī)前，必須先逐步切斷負(fù)荷，然后關(guān)閉發(fā)電機(jī)組輸出空氣開關(guān)，將柴油機(jī)減速到怠速狀態(tài)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)3-5分鐘左右再停機(jī)。

4. It is forbidden to stop with load. Before each shutdown, the load must be cut off gradually, then the output air switch of the generator set must be closed, and the diesel engine shall be slowed down to idle speed for about 3-5 minutes before shutdown.